Solomon west ridgeway dias bandaranaike
Sirimavo Bandaranaike
Sirimavo Ratwatte Dias Bandaranaike[1] (21 July &#; 10 October ) was a Sri Lankan politician.
Sirimavo ratwatte dias bandaranaike biography in sinhala Sirimavo Bandaranaike born became the first woman prime minister in the world when she was chosen to head the Sri Lankan Freedom Party government in , following the assassination of her husband. She pursued policies of nonalignment abroad and democratic socialism at home. She had the preoccupations of a housewife married to an eminent national leader who became the prime minister of Ceylon in , eight years after its independence. SWRD's assassination resulted in a brief period of political instability. Consequently, the country went to the polls again in JulyShe served as prime minister three times and was the leader of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party. She was the first female to be elected head of government in the world.[2] Bandaranaike was the widow of a previous prime minister, Solomon Bandaranaike, who was murdered in Her policies were based in socialism and similar to her husband's.
All three of their children later served in the Sri Lankan government.[3][4]
She spent 40 years in political office. She resigned on 10 August Exactly two months later she died, aged 84, of a heart attack.[2]
Family life
[change | change source]Sirimavo Bandaranaike was born on 17 April , as Sirimavo Ratwatte.
Sirimavo ratwatte dias bandaranaike biography in tamil
She was prime minister of Sri Lanka three times, , and , and was the world's first female prime minister. She was a leader of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party. A committed socialist , she aimed to raise the standard of living of her people and to reduce inequality. She succeeded in the latter but high government spending also resulted in economic stagnation. Her pro-Buddhist and pro-Sinhalese policies alienated the Tamil minority, resulting in a bloody civil war.Her family was part of the aristocracy. She was a Buddhist, but went to school at a convent in Colombo, Sri Lanka, where she was taught by Roman Catholicnuns. In , she married Solomon Bandaranaike, who was a member of parliament at the time. He became prime minister in as the leader of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP).[2] Sirimavo and Solomon had three children, Chandrika, Sunethra and Anura.
Sirimavo ratwatte dias bandaranaike biography in telugu: Sirima Ratwatte Dias Bandaranaike (Sinhala: සිරිමා රත්වත්තේ ඩයස් බණ්ඩාරනායක; Tamil: சிறிமா ரத்வத்தே டயஸ் பண்டாரநாயக்கே; 17 April – 10 October ), commonly known as Sirimavo Bandaranaike, [note 1] was a Sri Lankan politician.
Political career
[change | change source]Sirimavo did not begin a career in politics until after her husband was shot dead on 26 September [2] She was named successor to her husband's leadership of the party. She led that party to win elections in July , promising to continue her husband's policies.
Bandaranaike became Prime Minister on 21 July She was the first female prime minister in the world, and the first woman to be elected head of government.[2][5]
Bandaranaike was a socialist. She continued her husband's policies of nationalising major sectors of the economy.
She also brought all schools that were owned by the Roman Catholic Church under the government's control.[6] The most famous of her early policies was the Sinhala Only Act, also started by her husband but never finished. This included a plan to wikt:repatriate, send Tamil residents to India (get them Indian citizenship and deport them).
It also made Sinhala the state's only official language by removing English. This was seen as discriminatory and was the beginning of human rights protests and Tamil militancy.
The government's takeover of foreign businesses, particularly petroleum companies, upset Britain and the United States, who both ended aid to Sri Lanka.
As a result, Bandaranaike made a closer relationship with China and the Soviet Union.
Sirimavo ratwatte dias bandaranaike biography in hindi She was the world's first female prime minister when she became Prime Minister of Sri Lanka then the Dominion of Ceylon in Born into a Sinhalese Kandyan aristocratic family, Bandaranaike was educated in Catholic, English-medium schools , but remained a Buddhist and spoke Sinhala as well as English. On graduating from secondary school, she worked for various social programmes before marrying and raising a family. Playing hostess to her husband S. Bandaranaike , who founded the socialist SLFP in and became prime minister in , she gained his trust as an informal advisor.In , Christian officers of the military made an unsuccessful attempt at a coup d'état. Bandaranaike lost a vote of confidence in , and her party was defeated in the resulting elections in [3] Before she was replaced, Bandaranaike's government signed an agreement with India over the status of about one million Tamils: , were to be granted Indian citizenship and repatriated, and , were to be granted Sri Lankan citizenship.
Bandaranaike became prime minister again in the elections. military aid from India and Pakistan.
A new constitution was introduced in The monarchy was abolished, and the Commonwealth realm known as Ceylon was replaced by the modern republic of Sri Lanka. The President of Sri Lanka replaced Queen Elizabeth II as head of state.
During her second term, Bandaranaike became more and more intolerant of criticism.
She forced critical media outlets to shut down. She also nationalised the country's largest newspaper, Lake House. Bandaranaike was chosen chairman of the Non-Aligned Movement in Despite success in foreign affairs, she was losing popular support in Sri Lanka very quickly. Her government was accused of corruption while the economy was quickly declining.
Elections were scheduled to be held in , but Bandaranaike used a clause of the new constitution to delay them indefinitely. The elections took place in , and her party was defeated severely.
Sirimavo ratwatte dias bandaranaike biography Sri Lankan politician and the first woman prime minister in the world, who led her country through a stressful period of national growth and raised Sri Lanka to a respectable position in the community of Asian nations. Name variations: Sirimavo Ratwatte Dias Bandaranaike. When her husband became prime minister , Bandaranaike was active in Ceylon's main political women's organization, the Lanka Mahila Samiti; after his assassination , she succeeded him as leader of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party SLFP , then as prime minister —65 and — Born into a family of wealthy and aristocratic landowners in the Ceylonese countryside, Sirimavo Ratwatte grew up a serious, retiring girl who considered herself the heir to a great civilization built on the rational and humane qualities of Buddhism. In the world of international Asian politics, she was to become a popular advocate for national interests and a capable, determined leader of her people.In , Bandaranaike was charged with abusing her power for delaying the elections. She was forced out of her seat in parliament and banned from public office for seven years.
Bandaranaike stayed as leader of the SLFP despite losing every general election in the next ten years. Her party led a coalition (the People's Alliance) to win the general elections in Bandaranaike's daughter, Chandrika, became prime minister, and was then elected president the same year.[7] Bandaranaike became prime minister again, but the constitution had changed since her last term.
As prime minister she was now subordinate to her daughter, the President. She stayed in office until a few months before her death, but had little real power. She resigned on 10 August Exactly two months later she died, aged 84, of a heart attack.[2]